The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using portulaca oleracea as a source of plant antioxidants for feeding fattening male lambs, on carcass traits, meat quality, and oxidative stability. Twenty-one male lambs with an average weight of 24±1.5 kg and 150±15 days old were fed with one of the experimental rations included a diet without portulaca oleracea as control, a diet containing 7.5%, and a diet containing 15% portulaca oleracea, for 84 days. The muscle (Longissimus dorsi) samplewas used to determine pH, chemical composition, colorimetric properties, and oxidative stability of meat. Meat lipid oxidation was determined after 1, 7, and 30 days of refrigerated storage using thiobarbituric acid (TBARS). The use of portulaca oleracea in diets improved meat color characteristics such as L, chroma, and Hue. The highest ash concentration and the lowest meat moisture were observed in the treatment of 15% portulaca oleracea (P<0.05). Meat pH was the lowest in the first hour after slaughter but did not differ at 24 h. Compared to the control, in both treatment groups feeding the lambs with portulaca significantly reduced the concentration of Malondialdehyde in the meat of the lambs and increased the meat oxidative stability (P<0.05). The results of this experiment showed that feeding portulaca oleracea by improving properties such as color and increasing the meat oxidative stability improves meat quality, which may have lead to an increase in its nutritional value in terms of human health.

In this study, Spirulina has been cultured in semi mass scale in greenhouse in order to control light and temperature. Since, maximum growth of Spirulina had been observed; they harvested and dried to produce Spirulina powder. Its chemical composition had been analyzed by common methods, then fatty acid and aminoacid profile had been taken by gass chromatography and HPLC device. Also the amount of chlorophil and astaxantine as an important pigments had been measured by spectrophotometry and HPLC. The results showed, protein and fat of Spirulina was 46.6 and 0.1 percent, respectively. Chlorophil was 2.097 mg/ml and astaxantin by using astaxantin standard was 0.21mg/kg.

The ash content formed after burning of materials in indoor may be harmful to environment on dumping due to high ionic and metallic concentration. Therefore, the chemical composition of various indoor ash residues derived from burning of the biomass (BM), coal (C), cow dung (CD), incense (IS) and mosquito coil (MC) materials is described in this study. Three samples each of BM, coal, CD, IS and MC materials were burnt. The ash residues were collected and sieved out the particles of mesh size£0.1 mm size. The Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ content (n=15) was ranged from 0.12-8.27, 0.01-0.64, 0.74-12.53, 0.06-4.47, 0.29-15.45, 0.30-2.51 and 0.68-19.05% with mean value of 1.81±1.18, 0.10±0.08, 3.31±1.66, 1.05±0.70, 4.92±2.04, 1.27±0.36 and 7.68±2.94%, respectively. The composition of metals, that is, Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb (n=15) was ranged from 1100-24, 600, 12-211, 109-1102, 5-142, 21-145, 25-244 and 5-42 mg/kg with mean value of 95±31, 474±152, 43±23, 75±23, 107±32 and 16±6 mg/kg, respectively. The enrichment and fluxes of ions and metals of indoor ash residues are described.

Calculi are deposited chemicals in compact form. The cause of calculus formation is not known; however many physical factors which affect the metastable solubility or insolubility of crystalloids in complex biological fluids are involved in the phenomenon. The majority of kidney stones are composed of one or more of the following substances: calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, cystine, or a mixture of these with magnesium ammonium phosphate. Most medical therapy for renal stone disease is now based on analysis of calculi; and decisions about proper procedures for treatment require knowledge of stone composition. In this study 267 renal calcuili were analysed. The commonest types of calculus are calcium oxalate 95.9% and nonoxalated calcium 97% and uric acid calculi 53.2% or mixture of the two. Stone composition is an important guide for the physicians decisions concerning investigation and a rational choice of treatment.